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High 5 Most Confusing Things About Sig Figs (Significant Figures)
Sig Figs, Sig Digs, Devil’s contribution to math and science — whatever you wish to call them, they are one of the hated and commonly confused ideas in science and math. Ignore them at your own peril, since these half points off will add up and turn your A’s into B’s, or your B’s into C’s if you’re not careful. The thing is, sig figs really are NOT THAT HARD to master, and if you know these 5 concepts, you then’ll have a leg up on everyone else who still can’t work out the ins and outs of sig figs.
1. How To Deal With Zeros
Sandwiched zeros are significant
300 has one sig fig, but 303 has three sig figs because the center zero turns into significant
If trailing zeros come after a decimal point, then they are significant
1.000 (4 sig figs) is a more exact measurement than 1.0 (2 sig figs)
If trailing zeros come after a number without a decimal point, then they are NOT significant
5,000 has 1 sig fig, however 5,000. has four sig figs because of the decimal level
Leading zeros are NEVER significant
0.0003 has one sig fig, however 0.3003 has 4 sig figs since the zero’s are sandwiched
2. How To Multiply and Divide With Sig Figs
Plug in every number exactly as it appears within the problem
Look at the number of sig figs in every number
Spherical your answer so it contains the least number of sig figs out of all of the numbers being multiplied or divided
ex: 325.zero (4 sig figs) / 2.zero ( sig figs) = 162.5, however the answer ought to only have sig figs, so that you’d spherical it to one hundred sixty ( sig figs; zero just isn't a sig fig) as your reply
3. What About Multiplying With Unit Conversions?
The numbers you employ for unit conversions do not count as sig figs
ex: if you wish to convert 38.5 grams into kilograms, your reply would have 3 sig figs still, even if you happen to use the conversion 1kg/1,000g
4. Adding and Subtracting With Sig Figs
Sig Figs DO NOT MATTER when adding and subtracting numbers
Instead, your answer ought to contain the least number of decimal places
ex: 4.32 + 5.1 should have one decimal level, so you find the precise reply (9.42) and round it to an answer with one decimal point (9.4)
5. How To Measure Volumes With Sig Figs
There will typically be a curve, or meniscus, within the top of a liquid — always measure the bottom of the meniscus
When you find yourself measuring the volume of something in a beaker or graduated cylinder, look at every tick mark, then go one decimal point further when recording your calculation
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